学而优则仕

Confucius Analects – Balance Work and Study – 孔子论语 – 平衡工作与学习

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by

Derek
in , , ,

19.3 Serving vs. learning

子夏曰、仕而優則學、學而優則仕。

Zixia said, ‘The officer, having discharged all his duties, should devote his leisure to learning. The student, having completed his learning, should apply himself to be an officer.’

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Zixia, a prominent student of Confucius, talked about the importance of balancing work and study.  When we are in schools, study well and prepare ourselves for serving in the society (Note that in the old days, the goal of study was to provide service for the government and society).  When we are at work and in society, AFTER we have discharged our duties excellently, engage in study and continuous cultivation.

Note that Confucius teachings did not call us to abandon our social-work-family role for personal cultivation, but to fulfill our roles first and at the same time strive to upgrade our selves.  This is in-line with the Confucius classic “Daxue(大学）”，which calls for development in a step-by-step manner: from personal, to family, to country (social organization), and finally to the world (修身齐家治国平天下）.

Such advice is still valid for spiritual students in this modern world. In cultivating our life, how should i position my self, to best fulfill our various roles in life, to fulfill the highest good of all?

19.3 仕而優則學

子夏曰、仕而優則學、學而優則仕。

* * *

子夏，孔子的重要学生，谈到平衡工作和学习的重要性。当我们在学校时，要好好学习，作好准备，去为社会服务（在过去，学习的目的是为了将来为政府和社会服务）。当我们在工作和社会中时，当我们能在岗位中出色的履行我们的职责时，继续学习以达致持续的提升。

值得注意的是，孔子的教导没有叫我们放弃我们社会中（包括工作和家庭）的角色，去学习和修炼，乃是要我们做好自己的本分，同时努力的去提升自我。这是与儒家经典“大学”所提倡的修齐治平（修身齐家治国平天下），是一致的。

在现今的世界中，子夏的建议，对心灵的学生仍然是有效的。在培养我们的生命时，我应该怎么去为自我定位，以实现生活中的角色，以实现至善？

Comments

3 responses to “Confucius Analects – Balance Work and Study – 孔子论语 – 平衡工作与学习”

  1. 妮基 Avatar
    妮基

    “修身齐家治国平天下”

    Are not these but stepping stones in life… leading us to the same purpose…
    life’s “textbooks” that teach us slowly as we are ready to listen… how to serve the world more fully?

    Would it not be better if we could skip to the end step… and then enlightened… go back and grow old in the world?

    Reply
    1. Derek Avatar
      Derek

      This is actually a possibility. That one realizes the Truth and remains in the world for service and continuous growth.
      Such was the case for many Buddhist Zen(Chan) masters, where sudden enlightenment occurs to them (after long period of study and practice), which brought to them advanced realization of self-transcended reality. Some departs from and some remains in the world. Wisdom and experienced teacher is needed to discern the authenticity of such state.

      In the Daoist internal alchemy tradition, apart from perfecting the spiritual awareness (of Truth or Dao), one needs to perfect the physical/energetic body too (human life) to reach the highest level of immortality. Enroute to such state, we need to master our human life through this worldly textbook. Daoist teachings help in the body part, and Confucius teachings help in the worldly part. Can one experience the state at home, at work, with different people at different situations? Such is the task of spiritual students.

      Sudden enlightenment could be fast, but full enlightenment requires full integration with earthly life, which is a lifetime(s) of dedication.

      Reply
    2. Ricardo Avatar
      Ricardo

      There is something very important missing. When talking about peace and a life of servitude, we often see this in reference to the self, not the self within a context of society, family.

      We can solve other people’s problems easier than we can solve our own. Many times it is impossible to solve our own problems, because we are part of the problem. It is easier to solve other people’s problems when we are not a part of them.

      To help the world we have to help ourselves first. But if we can’t solve some of our problems at home and feel like we fail as parents, husbands, lovers; does this mean we will also fail as members of society?

      With over 50% divorce rates in the United States, and the world not falling too far behind, reaching peace at home before we can go reach peach elsewhere, is more an impossibility than the statement itself. The statement reflects on life and peace of the self within a world, with the world. But when in a context of a family, the self does not matter anymore, but our wife and kids. The self is sacrificed in order to make the spouse and children happy, and here is a major shift in this concept. In my opinion.

      We can have all the wisdom in the world, all the intelligence in the world, but that will not mean that we can get along with a partner with whom we are not psychologically compatible. Unfortunately, marriage and unions in so many cases, do not involve psychology at all. It is a blind trap we fall into, then we have kids, and then we need to prove to the world that we can handle this. But what is this? Many times a union from hell.

      The more we know, the more we find out we need to know more… Confucius. He was right.

      Reply

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